Operation of buses is prohibited if:

Explanation

When white reflectors are fitted at the rear of the bus.

The two options in this question are of completely different kinds, and that difference is the key to the answer. A bus being equipped with at least two wheel chocks is a description of a requirement — a condition the law wants, not an offence it prohibits. A white reflector at the rear, by contrast, directly breaches the colour rule and prohibits operation of the vehicle.

Fix the colour rule once and for all: white at the front of the vehicle, red at the rear. Another driver who at night on an intercity road sees only the reflection of his own headlights on a reflector tells from the colour whether he is facing the rear of a vehicle travelling the same way or one coming towards him. A white reflection at the rear inverts that message, and at road speeds those few seconds of misunderstanding lead to a rear-end collision.

The skill to practise in this chapter is separating a "requirement" from an "offence". Options beginning with phrases such as "is equipped with", "is repeated" or "is red" usually describe the desired condition and are not the answer; options speaking of something missing, not working or being the wrong colour are the real candidates.

• Having at least two wheel chocks is a condition of compliance, not an offence; the prohibition arises when that number is lower or zero. • Since the wheel chock option describes a permitted condition, "in both cases" cannot be correct.

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