In accordance with the RA law "On ensuring road safety the passenger is:

Explanation

A passenger is both a person inside or on the vehicle and a person in the act of boarding or alighting.

The law extends the definition of passenger to the moments of getting on and off, and that very qualifier is the difference between the correct and incorrect options. The reason is statistical and technical: the most dangerous seconds for a passenger are when a foot is on the carriageway and the body is half outside the vehicle — not when seated and belted. If the definition covered only "inside the cabin", a passenger run over while alighting or injured by a door opening would fall outside the driver's sphere of responsibility and insurance cover, and duties such as coming to a full stop before opening a door, choosing a safe place to set passengers down, and checking the carriageway side would lose their legal meaning.

Everyday application in Armenia: Yerevan's city minibuses usually stop on the right, close to the kerb, and passengers alight on that side. Until the last person is fully on the pavement, he is still your passenger and remains the driver's responsibility.

• It confines the definition to someone inside or on the vehicle and leaves the moment of boarding and alighting — the most dangerous moment — outside the definition.

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