The driver of which vehicle must give way?

Explanation

The car driver, because it is going downhill and must give way to the bus coming up. The red triangular sign reading 12% marks a steep gradient, and the road is narrow — rock face on one side, guard rail on the other, with a bend that makes passing side by side impossible. On such marked gradients, where passing is difficult, priority belongs to the vehicle travelling uphill and the one descending must stop. The reason is mechanical: a vehicle stopped on a steep climb may roll back or spin its wheels when moving off again, right beside the drop, whereas stopping on a descent costs almost nothing. Size and carrying passengers play no part here — the only criterion is the direction of the slope.

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